اندازه گیری ضریب انباشت شار پرتوهای گامای چشمه های سزیم و کبالت در فلزات آلومینیوم، مس و سرب به عنوان ماده محافظ

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشکده فیزیک و مهندسی هسته‌ای، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، سمنان، ایران

چکیده

در این تحقیق از فلزات آلومینیوم، مس و سرب به‌عنوان مواد محافظ در برابر پرتوهای گاما در انرژی­‌های MeV 662/0، MeV 173/1،  MeV 332/1 استفاده شده است. هر چه انرژی اشعه گاما بیشتر باشد، آسیب بیشتری به بافت انسان می­‌زند. سرب یک ماده سمی است و از طرفی چگالی آن زیاد است؛ ولی آلومینیوم یک ماده غیرسمی است و چگالی آن نسبت به مس و سرب کمتر است. در هنگام ساخت لباس برای محافظت در برابر اشعه مضر هرچه وزن لباس کمتر باشد بهتر است؛ زیرا پرسنلی که از چنین لباس­‌هایی استفاده می‌­کنند، کمتر خسته می‌­شوند. در گستره­ای از انرژی پرتوهای گاما اثر تضعیف آلومینیوم و سرب با یکدیگر تقریباً برابر است و از طرفی چون آلومینیوم نسبت به سرب سبک‌تر است می­توان از حفاظ ترکیبی آلومینیوم و سرب استفاده نمود که منجر به سبک‌شدن حفاظ می‌­گردد. در واقع پرتوهای گاما در این گستره انرژی ابتدا با پراکندگی‌های کامپتون متوالی به ناحیه انرژی پایین منتقل می‌­شوند و اگر همچنان از ماده خارج نشده باشند، در اتم‌‌های سرب جذب می­گردند؛ بنابراین حفاظ ترکیبی منجر به کاهش وزن قابل‌توجه می‌­گردد. در این تحقیق داده­های تجربی و شبیه‌­سازی با هم مقایسه شده است و مطابقت خوبی با هم دارند. در محاسبه داده­های شبیه‌سازی از کد MCNPX استفاده شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Measuring the buildup factor of gamma rays flux of cesium and cobalt sources in aluminum, copper and lead metals as protective material

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ammar Vahedian Movahed
  • Hossein Tavakoli-Anbaran
Faculty of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this research, aluminum, copper, and lead metals have been used as protective materials against gamma rays at energies of 0.662 MeV, 1.173 MeV, 1.332 MeV. the higher the gamma ray energy, the more damage it causes to human tissue. Lead is a toxic substance and its density is high, but aluminum is a non-toxic substance and its density is lower than copper and lead. When making clothing to protect against harmful radiation, the lower the weight of the clothing , the better because the personnel who use such clothing are less tired. In a range of gamma ray energy, the attenuation effect of aluminum and lead is almost equal to each other, and on the other hand, since aluminum is lighter than lead, it is possible to use a combined shield of aluminum and lead, which leads to a lighter shield. in fact, gamma rays in this energy range are first transferred to the low energy region by successive Compton scatterings, and if they have not yet exited the material, lead atoms are absorbed. Therefore, the comined protection leads to significant weight reduction. In this research, experimental and simulation data have been compared and they are in good agreement. MCNPX code is used to calculate the simulation data.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • buildup factor
  • gamma ray
  • protection
  • cesium source
  • cobalt source

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