Calculation of total dose and dose equivalent distribution in the treatment of lung cancer using MR-guided carbon therapy

Authors

Abstract

Nowadays, in order to improve the accuracy of treatment in radiation therapy, there are many attempts to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to the advantages of excellent soft tissue contrast and ultra-fast pulse sequences. On the other hand, carbon-ion radiation therapy is developing rapidly due to the benefits of greater relative biological effectiveness (RBE) and the application in the treatment of some low linear energy transfer (LET) radiation-resistant tumors. The idea of using MRI guidance in treating carbon-ion, presents challenges including the dose perturbation in the patient's body. For this purpose, in this study, using a Monte Carlo simulation, a rectangular phantom was modeled with various tissue layers simulating chest geometry of a patient with lung tumor. For the first time in this study, three-dimensional dose perturbation of a 220 MeV/nucleon realistic carbon-ion beam in the presence of two medium (1.5 Tesla) and high (3 Tesla) magnetic fields applied to the simulated tissue phantom, was compared with the non-field condition. Also, the distribution of the three-dimensional dose equivalent in the simulated heterogeneous phantom was calculated in the presence of a 1.5 Tesla (T) magnetic field. At the Bragg depth, no longitudinal displacement was observed for the centers of the dose and dose equivalent profiles affected by a 1.5 T field. The longitudinal displacement of the total dose profile in a 3 T field was calculated to be 1.1 mm. Furthermore, the amount of lateral deflection of the center of the dose and dose equivalent profiles in a 1.5 T field was equal to 1.7 mm, and the amount of lateral displacement of the center of the dose profile in a 3 T field, was calculated to be 3.3 mm. The results indicate that the dose perturbation are remarkable in the accuracy expected from carbon-ion radiotherapy guiding by MRI.

Keywords

References

[1] C.M.Ch. Ma, T. Lomax, W.R. Hendee. Proton and carbon ion therapy. Taylor and Francis Group, UK, (2013). [2] M. Riboldi, M. Orecchia, G. Baroni. Real-time tumor tracking in particle therapy: technological developments and future perspectives. Lancet. Oncol. 13 (2012) 383–391. [3] M. Moteabbed, J. Schuemann, H. Paganetti. Dosimetric feasibility of real-time MRI-guided proton therapy. Med. Phys. 41 (2014) 1-11. [4] F.M. Khan, J.P. Gibbons. Khan's the physics of radiation therapy, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia, (2014). [5] L.A. Dawson, D.A. Jaffray. Advances in image-guided radiation therapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 25 (2007) 938–946. [6] L. Henke, J. Contreras, O. Green, B. Cai, H. Kim, M. Roach, J. Olsen, B. Fischer-Valuck, D. Mullen, R. Kashani. Magnetic Resonance Image-Guided Radiotherapy (MRIgRT): A 4.5-Year Clinical Experience. Clin. Oncol. In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 7 September 2018. [7] Jäkel, O. SP-0546: MR-LINAC technological advances and potential usability in clinical setting. Radiother. Oncol. 127 (2018) S290-S291. [8] B. W. Raaymakers et al. First patients treated with a 1.5 T MRI-Linac: clinical proof of concept of a high-precision, high-field MRI guided radiotherapy treatment. Phys. Med. Biol. 62 (2017) L41-L50. [9] S. Mutic, J.F. Dempsey. The ViewRay System: Magnetic Resonance–Guided and Controlled Radiotherapy, Seminars in Radiation Oncology, 24 (2014) 196-199. [10] J. Lesniak, J. Tokuda, R. Kikinis, C. Burghart, N. Hata, A device guidance method for organ motion compensation in MRI-guided therapy. Phys. Med. Biol. 52 (2007), 6427–6438. [11] M. A. Zahra, K. G. Hollingsworth , E. Sala E, D. J. Lomas, L. T. Tan. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI as a predictor of tumor response to radiotherapy. Lancet Oncology, 8 (2007) 63–74. [12] A. Søvik, E. Malinen, D. R. Olsen, Strategies for biologic image-guided dose escalation: a review. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. 73 (2009) 650–658. [13] R. A. Cooper , B. M. Carrington, J. A. Loncaster, S. M. Todd, S. E. Davidson, J. P. Logue, A. D. Luthra, A. P. Jones, I.Stratford, R. D. Hunter, C. M. West. Tumour oxygenation levels correlate with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging parameters in carcinoma of the cervix. Radiotherapy and Oncology, 57 (2000), 53–59. [14] C. Bert, N. Saito, A. Schmidt, N. Chaudhri, D. Schardt, E. Rietzel. Target motion tracking with a scanned particle beam. Med. Phys. 34 (2007), 4768–4771. [15] S. van de Water, R. Kreuger, S. Zenklusen, E. Hug, A. J. Lomax. Tumour tracking with scanned proton beams: Assessing the accuracy and practicalities. Phys. Med. Biol. 54 (2009) 6549–6563. [16] N. Saito, C. Bert, N. Chaudhri, A. Gemmel, D. Schardt, E. Rietzel. Speed and accuracy of a beam tracking system for treatment of moving targets with scanned ion beams. Phys. Med. Biol. 54 (2009) 4849–4862. [17] S. B. Jiang, Technical aspects of image-guided respiration-gated radiation therapy. Med. Dosim. 31 (2006) 141–151. [18] S.P.M. Crijns, J.G.M. Kok, J.J.W. Lagendijk, B.W. Raaymakers. Towards MRI-guided linear accelerator control: Gating on an MRI accelerator. Phys. Med. Biol. 56 (2011) 4815–4825. [19] B.W. Raaymakers, A.J.E. Raaijmakers, J. J. W. Lagendijk. Feasibility of MRI guided proton therapy: magnetic field dose effects. Phys. Med. Biol. 53 (2008) 5615–5622. [20] R. Wolf, T. Bortfeld, An analytical solution to proton Bragg peak deflection in a magnetic field. Phys. Med. Biol. 57 (2012) 329–337. [21] B.M. Oborn, S. Dowdell, P.E. Metcalfe, S. Crozier, R. Mohan, P.J. Keall. Proton beam deflection in MRI fields: Implications for MRI-guided proton therapy. Med. Phys. 42 (2015) 2113-2124. [22] J.T. Bushberg, J.A. Seibert, E.M.J. Leidholdt, J.M. Boone. The essential physics of medical imaging. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, (2012). [23] M. Sadiku. Elements of Electromagnetics, Oxford University, Oxford, (2014). [24] D. Halliday, R. Resnick. Fundamentals of physics. Wiley, New jersey, (2004). [25]A. B. Milby. Carbon vs. proton for innovative applications of particle beam therapy. The Abramson Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania,http://www.oncolink.org/conferences/article.cfm?id=6696, Retrieved: July 2018, Last updated: May 2012 . [26] Particle therapy facilities in operation, http://www.ptcog.ch, Retrieved: July 2018, Last updated: April 2016. [27] Particle therapy facilities under construction, http://www.ptcog.ch, Retrieved: July 2018, Last updated: April 2016. [28] D. Schulz-Ertner, O. Jäkel, W. Schlegel. Radiation therapy with charged particles. Semin. Radiat. Oncol. 16 (2006 ) 249-259. [29] O. Jakel. Medical physics aspects of particle therapy. Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 137 (2009) 156-166. [30] T. Nakano, Y. Suzuki , T. Ohno, S. Kato , M. Suzuki, S. Morita, S. Sato, K. Oka, H. Tsujii. Carbon beam therapy overcomes the radiation resistance of uterine cervical cancer originating from hypoxia. Clin. Cancer. Res. 12 (2006) 2185-2190. [31] H. Fuchs, P. Moser, M. Gröschl, D. Georg. Magnetic field effects on particle beams and their implications for dose calculation in MR‐guided particle therapy. Med. Phys. 44 (2017) 1149-1156. [32] W. Shao, X. Tang, Y. Bai, D. Shu, C. Geng, C. Gong, F. Guan. Investigation of the dose perturbation effect for therapeutic beams with the presence of a 1.5 T transverse magnetic field in magnetic resonance imaging-guided radiotherapy. J. Canc. Res. Ther. 14 (2018) 184-195. [33] F. Sommerer, K. Parodi, A. Ferrari, K. Poljanc, W. Enghardt, H. Aiginger. Investigating the accuracy of the FLUKA code for transport of therapeutic ion beams in matter. Phys. Med. Biol. 51 (2006) 4385-4398. [34] K. Parodi, A. Mairani, S. Brons, B.-G. Hasch, F. Sommerer, J. Naumann, O. Jäkel, T. Haberer, J. Debus, Monte Carlo simulations to support start-up and treatment planning of scanned proton and carbon ion therapy at a synchrotron-based facility. Phys. Med. Biol. 57 (2012) 3759-3784. [35] A. Ferrari, P. R. Sala, A. Fasso, J. Ranft. FLUKA: A multi-particle transport code. Cern, Switzerland, (2011). [36] B.M. Oborn, S. Dowdell, P.E. Metcalfe, S. Crozier, R. Mohan, P. J. Keall. Future of medical physics: Real‐time MRI‐guided proton therapy. Med. Phys. 44 (2017) e77-e90.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics